Varicocelectomy

A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, which may cause discomfort, pain, reduced fertility, or a decrease in testicular volume. It is considered one of the most common causes of male infertility, as it can impair sperm production and quality. Surgical treatment is recommended when varicocele causes symptoms or is found to negatively affect fertility.

Surgery is recommended for patients who experience:

• Scrotal pain, especially during prolonged standing or physical exertion
• Testicular shrinkage (atrophy)
• Fertility problems associated with abnormal semen analysis
• Visibly or palpably enlarged veins in the scrotum

• Clinical examination and scrotal ultrasound to confirm diagnosis
• Semen analysis for patients with fertility concerns
• Routine blood tests

Varicocele can be treated in several ways:

• Microsurgical varicocelectomy – A precise surgical procedure where the dilated veins are ligated through a small incision in the groin.
• Laparoscopic surgery – A minimally invasive approach using small incisions and a camera.
• Sclerotherapy or embolization – An endovascular procedure where a substance or coil is introduced into the vein to block abnormal blood flow.

• Mild swelling or discomfort in the first few days
• Rare recurrence of varicocele
• Minor risk of infection or hematoma

Activity: Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activity for 7 to 10 days. Light activities can resume after one week.

Sexual activity: Abstain for 7 to 10 days or until discomfort resolves.

Hygiene: Keep the surgical site clean and dry. Showering is usually allowed after 1 to 2 days, depending on your doctor’s advice.

Swelling and pain: Mild swelling may occur. Cold compresses and pain relievers can help manage discomfort.

Supportive underwear: Wearing a scrotal support or tight-fitting underwear is recommended for several days post-surgery.

Warning signs: Report fever, increased pain, or wound discharge to your doctor.

Follow-up: Attend follow-up appointments as scheduled.