Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure used to remove part of the prostate that is causing urinary problems. This method is most commonly used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that can obstruct urine flow.

The procedure is performed using a special instrument called a resectoscope, which is inserted through the urethra, eliminating the need for external incisions. This technique allows for precise removal of excess prostate tissue and improvement in urinary flow.

TURP is recommended for patients who experience:

• Difficulty urinating with a weak urine stream
• Frequent urination, especially at night
• Inability to completely empty the bladder
• Urinary tract infections caused by urine retention
• Increased risk of urinary retention or damage to the bladder or kidneys

Candidates for TURP are typically those for whom medication has not provided sufficient relief.

Before the procedure, patients undergo a series of tests to assess general health and identify any potential risks:

• Blood and urine laboratory tests
• PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) testing – to rule out prostate cancer
• Ultrasound of the prostate and bladder – to assess prostate size and residual urine volume
• Uroflowmetry – to analyze urinary flow
• ECG and anesthesiology assessment

Patients may be advised to temporarily discontinue medications that affect blood clotting.

TURP is performed under general or spinal anesthesia and typically lasts between 45 and 90 minutes. The procedure includes:

• Inserting the resectoscope through the urethra to access the prostate
• Removing excess tissue using an electric loop that cuts and coagulates at the same time
• Flushing the bladder to remove remaining tissue fragments
• Placing a urinary catheter to allow drainage and prevent retention

• Hospital stay: 1 to 3 days
• Catheter removal: Usually 24 to 48 hours after surgery
• Return to normal activities: Within 2 to 4 weeks

After catheter removal, patients may experience temporary discomfort during urination, increased frequency, or mild blood in the urine, all of which typically resolve over time.

Although TURP is considered a safe and effective procedure, potential complications may include:

• Urinary tract infections
• Temporary incontinence or bladder irritation
• Retrograde ejaculation (ejaculation into the bladder)
• Urethral stricture due to scarring

Patients are advised to avoid heavy physical exertion and to maintain adequate fluid intake to support recovery of the urinary system.