Hernia surgery

An inguinal hernia occurs when a portion of the intestine or fatty tissue protrudes through a weakened area of the abdominal wall in the groin. This condition often causes a visible or palpable bulge and can lead to discomfort or pain, especially during physical activity, prolonged standing, or coughing.

Since an inguinal hernia cannot heal on its own and conservative treatment options are ineffective, laparoscopic surgical repair is the only definitive solution. Early treatment helps prevent complications such as incarceration, where the herniated tissue becomes trapped and potentially loses its blood supply—a condition requiring emergency intervention.

Surgical repair is recommended for patients who:

• Experience groin pain or discomfort, especially during activity
• Notice a visible or palpable bulge in the groin area
• Have signs of hernia entrapment, such as sudden sharp pain, nausea, or vomiting
• Suffer from recurring irritation or inflammation in the affected area

Before surgery, the patient undergoes a thorough medical evaluation to confirm the diagnosis and assess overall health. This typically includes:

• Physical examination and groin ultrasound
• Blood tests
• ECG and pre-anesthesia assessment

Patients receive instructions on preoperative care, including diet and medication adjustments if needed.

Open inguinal hernia repair is performed through a small incision in the groin area under local, spinal, or general anesthesia. During the procedure, the herniated tissue is gently repositioned into the abdominal cavity. The weakened area is then reinforced, usually with a synthetic mesh, to prevent recurrence.

This modern open technique, using a small and carefully placed incision, offers reliable outcomes with minimal trauma to surrounding tissue and a shorter recovery period compared to traditional open surgery.

Most patients are discharged the same day or within 24 hours. Light discomfort in the lower abdomen or groin may occur, but usually resolves within a few days. Normal daily activities can typically be resumed within 2 to 4 weeks, depending on individual healing and surgeon recommendations. Heavy lifting and strenuous activities should be avoided for at least 4 to 6 weeks.

Minor swelling or tenderness at the incision site is common. There is a low risk of infection or recurrence when postoperative guidelines are followed. Follow-up visits are important to ensure proper healing and long-term success of the repair.